The influence of body mass index on the menstrual cycle in adolescents

Artanti, Kurnia Dwi and Dewangga, Angelinasyarga Sutera and Munib, Tazkia Azrielda and Hidayat, Taufiq (2025) The influence of body mass index on the menstrual cycle in adolescents. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 13 (2). pp. 118-125. ISSN 2301-7171 E-ISSN 2541-092X

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Abstract

Background:Imbalanced nutritional status in adolescents can affect the menstrual cycle. In 2018, the WHO stated that as many as 80% of women in the world have irregular menstrual cycles. More specifically, this condition is experienced by 11.70% of adolescents aged 15-19 years and 14.90% of women in urban areas. Purpose: To analyze the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the menstrual cycle in adolescents at Junior High School State 19Surabaya. Methods: This quantitative research employed an observational analytic method with a case-control design at SMP Negeri 19 Surabaya. As many as 104 participants (52 cases with irregular menstrual cycles and 52 controls with regular cycles) were randomly selected in a 1:1 ratio. Data collection occurred from February to May 2024,and bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. Results:This study showed that overall BMI had a significant effect on menstrual cycle regularity (p = 0.001). Students with normal BMI have a greater chance of experiencing regular menstruation than overweight/obese (OR = 4.694; 95% CI = 1.536 -14.344; p = 0.007). Meanwhile, the categories of very thin (OR = 0.985; 95% CI = 0.235 -4.127; p = 0.983) and underweight (OR = 0.433; 95% CI = 0.072 -2.622; p = 0.363) did not show a significant influence on menstrual regularity (p > 0.05). Conclusion:Body mass index affects menstrual cycle regularity in adolescents. Maintaining nutritional status is important to minimize the risk of menstrual cycle disorders and ensure reproductive health.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Body Mass Index (BMI), Adolescent;Menstrual Cycle, Nutritional Status, Menstrual Disorders
Subjects:	R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ140 Physiology of adolescent
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Paediatrics
Depositing User:	Dr. TAUFIQ HIDAYAT HASAN
Date Deposited:	03 Jul 2025 09:53
Last Modified:	03 Jul 2025 09:53
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/121847

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