Evaluation of anti-fungal activity of Piper betle aqueous extracts against Trichophyton rubrum using electron microscopic study

Che Nur, Azni Nazira and Pauzi, Muhd Ridzuan and Buyong, Zunariah and Asif, Sukri and Mohamad Zin, Noraziah and Mohd Hakam, Nazir and Wan Hanafi, Wan Nor Fatihah (2025) Evaluation of anti-fungal activity of Piper betle aqueous extracts against Trichophyton rubrum using electron microscopic study. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 21 (3). pp. 432-441. ISSN 18238262 E-ISSN 2231-7538

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Abstract

Aims: Current anti-fungal agents possess side effects, including toxicity to human health, requiring longer treatment and are expensive. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-fungal activity of Piper betle against Trichophyton rubrum. Methodology and results: The aqueous extracts from P. betle leaves were assayed against T. rubrum using 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) as a colorimetric broth microdilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values. Microscopic studies were conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) to identify the morphological changes and target organelles post-treatment. Results showed MIC and MFC values for T. rubrum were 62.5 mg/ mL. SEM results showed distinctive morphological changes of T. rubrum after treatment with P. betle aqueous extract compared to positive and negative controls; short and crooked hyphae and abnormal forminghyphae.TEM study shows the ultra-morphological changes to the internal organelles of T. rubrum after P. betle aqueous extract treatment. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Based on the results evaluated visually and chemically, this studyrevealed that P. betle aqueous extracts possess great anti-dermatophytes potency against T. rubrum.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anti-dermatophytes, antimicrobial activity, aqueous extract, belltel leaves, dermatophytes, Piper betle, T. rubrum
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RL Dermatology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Basic Medical
Depositing User:	DR ZUNARIAH BUYONG
Date Deposited:	13 Jun 2025 16:14
Last Modified:	13 Jun 2025 16:14
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/121496

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