Mapping of organ radiation dose distribution in abdominal X-ray imaging using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs)

Sayed, Inayatullah Shah and Rohayzaad, Nur Izzatie Arissya and Kamzaiman, Azia Alina and Muhamad Jamil, Nur Nabilah (2025) Mapping of organ radiation dose distribution in abdominal X-ray imaging using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs). Cureus Journal of Medical Sciences, 17 (6). pp. 1-14. E-ISSN 2168-8184

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Abstract

Introduction: X-ray imaging units often exhibit non-uniform radiation intensity across the imaging field, making accurate dose measurements challenging. This variability can impact patient safety and hinder the optimization of medical imaging procedures. Our study aims to map radiation doses in abdominal organs using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs) to enhance dose accuracy and improve the quality of patient care in diagnostic imaging. Materials and methods: A Kyoto Kagaku phantom was placed supine on the table Bucky in a posteroanterior (PA) orientation, with a source-to-image receptor distance (SID) of 100 cm. Exposures were taken at three different kVp settings (64.5, 70, and 75) with corresponding mAs values of 15, 20, and 25, respectively, using both anode- and cathode-oriented beams. Multiple nanoDot optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) were positioned on the phantom’s surface to measure the entrance skin dose (ESD) at anatomical locations corresponding to the liver, kidneys, and spleen. Results: Entrance skin dose (ESD) measurements revealed a non-uniform radiation distribution across abdominal organs. Organ doses increased with rising kVp and mAs, reflecting the influence of beam energy and exposure settings. With anode-facing beam orientation, liver doses ranged from 0.47 to 2.97 mGy, with higher values in central liver regions and right kidney segments. Spleen doses increased from 0.63 to 1.94 mGy. Under cathode-oriented conditions, liver doses ranged from 0.88 to 3.70 mGy, while kidneys and spleen received up to 3.41 mGy and 2.96 mGy, respectively. Highest doses were observed in liver segments 3, 4A, and 4B, and in central kidney zones, highlighting the effects of anatomy and beam orientation. Overall, cathode-facing beams delivered up to 60% higher liver doses and nearly twice the spleen dose compared to anode-facing beams. Conclusion: This study confirms that radiation intensity is non-uniformly distributed across abdominal regions during X-ray imaging, with significant implications for patient safety. It demonstrates that different organs receive varying radiation doses, enhancing our understanding of organ-specific exposure during diagnostic procedures. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing imaging protocols to minimize unnecessary radiation exposure, particularly to more sensitive organs, ultimately improving patient care in diagnostic radiography.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Non-uniform radiation intensity, patient radiation safety, radiation dosimetry, abdominal radiography, ESD
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences > Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy
Depositing User:	Dr Inayatullah Shah Sayed
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2025 13:13
Last Modified:	11 Jun 2025 13:13
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/121428

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