N-acetyl-L-cysteine mitigates diabetes-induced impairments in sciatic nerve

Kamboj, Sukhdev S. and Sharma, Satya P. and Mohamed, Wael Mohamed Yousef and Sandhir, Rajat (2025) N-acetyl-L-cysteine mitigates diabetes-induced impairments in sciatic nerve. IBRO Neuroscience Reports, 18. pp. 512-519. ISSN 2667-2421

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Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy is a consequence of long-term hyperglycemia. The emergence of neuronal condition is a result of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. In the present study, streptozotocin-induced diabetes exhibited notable decrease in the levels of phospholipids, glycolipids, gangliosides, and triglycerides in the sciatic nerve. The alterations in lipids resulted in increase in cholesterol to phospholipid ratio in sciatic nerve of diabetic animals. This ratio is crucial and determines the rheological properties of membranes and resulted in substantial reduction in the activity of membrane-bound enzymes; Ca 2 + ATPase and acetylcholinesterase. Histological examination of the cross-section of the sciatic nerve in diabetic mice revealed axonal atrophy and disarrayed myelin sheath. The potential therapeutic impact of N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC), a powerful antioxidant, on a rat model of diabetic neuropathy was evaluated. NAC was administered to rats in drinking water for a period of 8 weeks. The results indicate that administration of NAC restored lipid composition; ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids, the activity of membrane linked enzymes, and improved the structural defects in sciatic nerve. NAC plays protective role against diabetes-induced alterations in lipid composition in sciatic nerve membranes leading to improvement in structure and function of membranes. Overall, the findings suggest NAC as a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing diabetic neuropathy and other diabetic complications.

Item Type:	Article (Review)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Diabetes, Enzymes, Lipids, N-acetylcysteine, Neuropathy, Sciatic Nerve. Membrane
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Pharmacy > Department of Basic Medical Sciences Kulliyyah of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Dr Wael Mohamed
Date Deposited:	21 Mar 2025 09:23
Last Modified:	21 Mar 2025 09:23
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/120344

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