Evaluation of haemoglobin constant spring phenotypes and their haematological characteristics among high school students in Terengganu, Malaysia

Embong, Sharifatul F. and Adzahar, Sumaiyah and Daud, Adibah and Nordin, Mohammad Hudzaifah and Abdul Halim, Sarah and W. Embong, Wan Zuhairah and Rameli, Nabilah and Zulkeflee, Razan Hayati and Bahar, Rosnah (2025) Evaluation of haemoglobin constant spring phenotypes and their haematological characteristics among high school students in Terengganu, Malaysia. SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL, 46 (3). pp. 292-298. ISSN 1658-3175 E-ISSN 0379-5284

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Abstract

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of hemoglobin constant spring )Hb CS( in the Terengganu population, to evaluate the haematological parameters of individuals with heterozygous Hb CS, homozygous Hb CS, and compound heterozygous Hb CS, and to compare the effectiveness of high-performance liquid chromatography )HPLC( and capillary electrophoresis )CE( in detecting Hb CS. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design involving Form 4 secondary school students from Terengganu. Hemoglobin variants were analyzed using CE )CAPILLARYS2 Flex-Piercing System( and HPLC )VARIANT II(. Molecular testing, including multiplex polymerase chain reaction )PCR( and amplification refractory mutation system-PCR techniques, was carried out to detect alpha thalassemia mutations. Results: The prevalence of Hb CS revealed 92.2% heterozygous )mean zone 2 CE peak value of 0.7%(, 7.2% compound heterozygous )mean zone 2 CE peak value of 1.2%(, and 0.5% homozygous cases )mean zone 2 CE peak value of 4.5%(. Conclusion: The study highlights a significant prevalence of Hb CS among the Terengganu population, with heterozygous cases being the most common. The peak values in zone 2 CE varied significantly among the heterozygous, compound heterozygous, and homozygous HbCS cases, indicating the potential utility of these measurements in distinguishing between different clinical phenotypes.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	alpha thalassemia, haemoglobin constant spring, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis
Subjects:	R Medicine > RB Pathology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine Kulliyyah of Medicine
Depositing User:	Dr SARAH ABDUL HALIM
Date Deposited:	19 Mar 2025 14:33
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2025 14:33
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/120307

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