Genus Zingiber: A review on botanical, major bioactivities and genetic diversity

Zoni Fasli, Fatin Arina and Mat Hussin, Nur Syamin Syahirah and Farinordin, Farah Ayuni and Midin, Mohd Razik and Ahmad Qareerah, Najway Mohammed and Sulayman Ahmeedah, Sideena Ateeyah and Ridzuan, Raihana (2024) Genus Zingiber: A review on botanical, major bioactivities and genetic diversity. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 20. pp. 1192-1211. ISSN 2289-5981 E-ISSN 2289-599X

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Abstract

Zingiberaceae is a perennial plant family that is found across the tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia from low land to hill forests. In Peninsular Malaysia, it is believed that 160 ginger species are widely distributed belonging to 18 genera. Most of the Zingiber species in Peninsular Malaysia are less investigated and less understood taxonomically, thus remaining as under-utilized crops. The description of their morphologies in parallel with phytochemicals and molecular information are crucial to provide valuable information for further discovery of potent compounds, identification of potential new sources of genetic variation, as well as to provide insight into the domestication and breeding of ginger. The majority of Zingiber species are perennial herbs with a fragrant scent, an upright stem, and a fibrous rhizome. The presence of volatile components such as monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenoids and some non-volatile compounds like gingerols, shagaols, and zingerone have contributed to the strong scent of the ginger oils. Among the dominant components of Zingiberare α-zingiberene, geranial, neral, camphene, neral, neric acid, α-curcumene, and zerumbone. The crude extracts and essential oils of Zingiber have proven to show some biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-bacterial, insecticidal, larvicidal, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulceration, antioxidant, anti-fungal, immunomodulatory, and anti-nociceptive. Most Zingiber species are known to have 22 somatic chromosomes (2n=22) which is the lowest among genera in Zingiberaceae. This study underscores the crucial significance of breeding programs and germplasm conservation, specifically emphasizing the potential of common ginger as a prominent contributor.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Zingiber, ginger, genetic diversity, bioactive compounds
Subjects:	Q Science > QK Botany
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Science > Department of Plant Science
Depositing User:	Dr Mohd Razik Midin
Date Deposited:	22 Oct 2024 11:14
Last Modified:	16 Dec 2024 14:08
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/115163

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