Smart capsule and edible bird's nest: charting new frontiers in Parkinson's disease defense - an experimental protocol perspective

Mohamed, Wael Mohamed Yousef (2025) Smart capsule and edible bird's nest: charting new frontiers in Parkinson's disease defense - an experimental protocol perspective. In: Zebrafish as a Model for Parkinson’s Disease. CRC.

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Abstract

In Malaysia, approximately 15,000 patients suffer from Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by multiple motor and psychological disturbances. At present, the mainstream medication merely provides symptomatic treatment, with a significant rate of treatment relapse and poor quality of life. Many animal models of PD were developed, including zebrafish, which has emerged as a very promising tool due to its fecundity, transparency, and ease for gene manipulation and maintenance. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a dopaminergic neurotoxin that is widely used in developing animal models of PD such as rodents and zebrafish. Edible bird’s nest (EBN) has a distinct composition, and its consumption may promote human health. Proteins and carbohydrates are two of the most biologically active components of EBN, and they are crucial while determining the drug’s effectiveness. The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective properties of EBN and MAO-B inhibitors as possible combined effects included in the PD treatment using an MPTP-induced zebrafish model of PD. The targeted drug delivery is a prominent and efficient technique among all other PD treatment. The PAMAM dendrimers are monodispersed nanocarriers and are used in different central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and brain tumors. Due to its specific properties, we use this as a drug carrier. The FGF-PAMAM dendrimer is synthesized, which acts as a drug carrier against PD. In which, the classical P and EBN molecules are loaded; this setup is then used as a drug nanocarrier bioconjugate. The efficiency of the drug nanocarrier bioconjugate is analyzed with the help of a zebrafish model. Ten groups of adult Danio rerio zebrafish are used in this study. Each group consists of 10 (male and female) fish. Treated groups are intraperitoneally injected with two doses of 50 µg of (10 µg/µl) MPTP with 24 hours of interval between the doses. After 1 hour, the validation of the Parkinsonian disease is completed using gene expression analysis of Lrrk7, Park2, Park7, and SNCGB genes, which are the target genes involved in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, the behaviour testing is evaluated using Danio vision for 1 hour in each group, recording parameters such as speed of swimming, number of freeze bouts, freeze duration, number of crosses between upper and lower sections, and distance travelled. After validation, treatment is started using EBN and Deprenyl. Deprenyl (Selegiline) is a Monoamine-Oxidase-B inhibitor known medication used in the treatment of PD and is intraperitoneally injected; the therapeutic responses are evaluated using gene expression analysis and behavioural studies. The findings address the neuroprotective effects of EBN against PD alone and in a combination with Deprenyl. This decreases the amount/duration of available anti-PD drugs with better brain drug delivery, leading to lowering their side effects.

Item Type:	Book Chapter
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Medicine > Department of Basic Medical
Depositing User:	Dr Wael Mohamed
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2024 15:45
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2024 18:04
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/114186

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