Anti-obesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit liquid CO2 extract: In vitro, in silico and in vivo approaches

Mia, Md. Abdur Rashid and Ahmed, Qamar Uddin and Ferdosh, Sahena and Helal Uddin, A.B.M. and Hejaz Azmi, Syed Najmul and Ammar Al-Otaibi, Fatimah and Parveen, Humaira and Mukhtar, Sayeed and Ahmed, Mohammad Z. and Sarker, Md. Zaidul Islam (2023) Anti-obesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit liquid CO2 extract: In vitro, in silico and in vivo approaches. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 35 (8). pp. 2117-2122. ISSN 1018-3647 E-ISSN 2213-686X

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Abstract

Objective: Phaleria macrocarpa fruit has been reported to be effectively used in Malaysia and neighboring countries to prevent obesity. Despite its anti-obesity potential, no research has ever predicted the compound-lipase, compound-HMG-CoA reductase interactions and in vivo investigations to further confirm its anti-obesity properties. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the anti-obesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of P. macrocarpa by in vitro, computational (in silico), and in vivo assays. Method: Initially, fruit was extracted through liquid CO2 and heating under reflux extraction methods to obtain liquid CO2 extracts (LCE-1 and LCE-2) and heating under reflux extract (HRE), respectively. Subsequently,allthreeextractswereassessedforantioxidantpotentialsthroughinvitrobioassaysand FTIRanalysistoidentifydifferenttypesoffunctionalgroupspresentintheexistingbioactivecompounds. Successively,themostactivefraction(LCE-2)wassubjectedtoGCMSanalysisfortheidentificationof lipidloweringandlipaseinhibitorsthroughmoleculardockingapproach.Finally,anti-obesityandlipid loweringeffectswerefurtherconfirmedthroughaninvivoassayusingmice. Result:LCE-2exhibitedhigherDPPH(IC50=0.172mg/mL)andFRAP(78.98AAEmg/g)antioxidantactivitiesandshowedmorepotentpeaksinFTIRchromatogramsthanLCE-1andHRE.Amongtheidentified tentativebioactivecompoundsviz.methylpalmitate,palmiticacid,ethylpalmitate,methyloleate,oleic acid,cis-vaccenicacid,3-deoxyestradiolandphenol,2,20-methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylwerefoundasananti-obesityandlipidloweringcompoundswhoseprotein–ligandinteractionwasconfirmedbybindingaffinity,aminoacidresiduesandbondinginteractions.Similarly,anti-obesityandlipid loweringfindingswerealsofoundinamicemodelafter6weekstreatmentatadoseof250mg/kgb.w. Conclusion:Basedontheaforementionedinvitro,insilicoandinvivofindings,itisconcludedthatthe LCE-2possesseslipaseandHMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorsthatcanassisttodevelopthisplant’sextract asanalternativesafelipidloweringherbalmedicineinfuture.

Item Type:	Article (Journal)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	P. macrocarpa, CO2 extract, Anti-obesity, In vitro, In silico, In vivo
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Kulliyyahs/Centres/Divisions/Institutes (Can select more than one option. Press CONTROL button):	Kulliyyah of Pharmacy > Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Kulliyyah of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Dr Qamar Uddin Ahmed
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2023 11:40
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2023 11:40
URI:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/107131

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